Part 53 (1/2)

Studies_, VI., p. 243, pl. 61. (_c_) A sepulchral relief from Praeneste, in the Vatican, commemorating one Tiberius Octavius Diadumenus, and having a relief of a Diadumenos, in allusion to the name. Pistolesi, _Vaticano_, IV. 84. (_d_) A gem. _Journ. of h.e.l.len. Studies_, II. p. 352. See also No. 501.

[Sidenote: =501.=]

Graeco-Roman statue of a Diadumenos. Statue of a nude youth standing, tying a band (taenia) about his head. Both arms were raised, but the left is lost. This figure, like the Diadumenos of Vaison (No. 500), stands princ.i.p.ally on the right leg, but the left leg is differently placed, and the whole pose is thereby altered. By the side of the figure is a stump of a palm.

The hair falls in curls, and the figure is more youthful than the Diadumenos of Vaison. Except in the similarity of subject these statues have little in common, and if the Vaison figure represents the statue of Polycleitos, this figure would appear to be either an independent rendering of the same subject, or only remotely derived from Polycleitos. It was, however, for a long time regarded as a copy of the work of Polycleitos, and this view has been held by several writers, after the discovery of the Vaison Diadumenos.--_Farnese Coll. 1864._

Pentelic marble; height, 4 feet 10-1/4 inches.

Restorations:--Nose, parts of band. The right leg appears to be ancient, but worked over. In the earliest publications (Cavalieri, &c.) the left arm is drawn as if restored. The statue is first known in the Villa Madama, near Rome (Cavalieri, _Ant. Stat. Urb.

Romae Liber_, 1569, pl. 97). It was afterwards in the Farnese Gardens, in the Farnese Palace, and at Naples. Guattani, _Mem.

Encicl._, V., pl. facing p. 83; Gerhard, _Ant. Bildwerke_, pl.

69, p. 311; Muller-Wieseler, _Denkmaeler_, I., pl. 31, fig. 136; Clarac, V., pl. 858 C, 2189 A; _Annali dell' Inst._, 1878, pl. A, p. 20 (Michaelis); Murray, I., pl. 9, p. 273; Rayet, _Monuments_, text to No. 30; Mitch.e.l.l, p. 388; Wolters, No. 509; Mansell, No.

726.

The Polycleitan origin of the Farnese statue is supported by Winckelmann (_Hist. de l'Art_, Bk. VI., chap. 2), Guattani (_loc.

cit._), Newton (Rayet, _loc. cit._), Brunn (_Annali dell' Inst._, 1879, p. 218), Murray (_loc. cit._).

[Sidenote: =502.=]

Statuette copied from the Doryphoros of Polycleitos (?). Figure of youth having the arms broken off from the shoulders, and the legs from above the knees. The head is slightly bent forwards, and turned to the left of the figure. The left leg was advanced in front of the right leg.

The figure, like a bronze statuette at Athens (_Mon. dell' Inst._, viii., pl. 53), which it nearly resembles, may perhaps be a modified rendering of the Doryphoros of Polycleitos. The Doryphoros (spear-bearer) was a figure of a nameless athlete, which carried a spear, and which was the Canon or typical model of later sculptors (see above). The type was first recognized by Friederichs in a statue from Pompeii, now in the Museum at Naples, and other copies have since been identified.--_Athens._

Marble; height, 9 inches. Unpublished. The princ.i.p.al examples of the type are:--(_a_) Figure at Naples (Friederichs, _Doryphoros des Polyclet_; Rayet, _Monuments_, I., No. 29; Overbeck, _Gr. Plast._, 3rd ed., I., fig. 84). (_b_) Relief from Argos (_Athenische Mittheilungen_, III., pl. 13; Mitch.e.l.l, p. 386).

(_c_) Bronze bust from Herculaneum, at Naples, found with a companion bust of an Amazon (Comparetti, _La Villa Ercolanese_, pl. 8, fig. 3). (_d_) Gem at Berlin (Overbeck, _Gr. Plast._, _loc.

cit._). For other copies, see Michaelis, _Annali dell' Inst._, 1878, p. 6; Wolters, Nos. 506, 507.

[Sidenote: =503.=]

Head of Amazon, slightly inclined to the left and looking down, with an expression of pain on the face. The hair is parted in the middle, and drawn back over the ears to the back of the head, where it is gathered in a bunch. The sharp parallel lines in which it is worked suggest that the head is copied from a bronze original.

Pliny relates (_H. N._, x.x.xiv., 53) that four artists, Polycleitos, Pheidias, Cresilas and Phradmon, made statues of Amazons which were placed in the temple of Artemis at Ephesus. Polycleitos was accounted to have won the compet.i.tion, as he obtained the second vote of each of his rivals. This account of the contest has the appearance of a late invention. There are, however, many statues and busts of wounded Amazons which appear to be copies, more or less exact, of three types, different one from another, but yet so far alike that they may have been produced by artists working on one plan.

The present head belongs to the type which various archaeologists (Klugmann, _Rhein. Mus._ 1866, p. 327; Michaelis, _Jahrb. des Arch.

Inst._, i., p. 40) have a.s.signed to Polycleitos. The complete figure is that of a wounded Amazon, leaning with the left arm on a pillar, and having the right hand resting on the top of the head.

_Brought to England by Lyde Brown. Purchased by Townley, 1774._--_Townley Coll._

Greek marble; height of ancient portion, 10-1/4 inches.

Restorations:--Tip of nose, throat and bust. _Mus. Marbles_, X., pl. 5; _Guide to Graeco-Roman Sculptures_, I., No. 150; Murray, I., p. 280; _Jahrbuch des Arch. Inst._, I., 1886, pl. 3, No. 2; p. 16, _K_, (Michaelis). There is a drawing by Cipriani in the British Museum (_Add. MSS._ 21,118, No. 12).

The best examples of the type are:--(_a_) A statue at Lansdowne House, London. _Specimens of Ant. Sculpture_, II., pl. 10.

_Cat. of Lansdowne Marbles_, No. 83. (_b_) A bronze head from Herculaneum, now in the Museum at Naples. Comparetti, _La Villa Ercolanese_, pl. 8, fig. 1. (_c_) Compare the Amazon on the Phigaleian frieze (No. 522). For further literature and examples, see Michaelis, _loc. cit._

[Sidenote: =504.=]