Part 44 (1/2)

”Where is John Brough?” Emanuel Hertz, Emanuel Hertz, Abraham Lincoln: A New Portrait Abraham Lincoln: A New Portrait (New York: H. Liveright, 1931), 2:914. (New York: H. Liveright, 1931), 2:914.

”The victory is complete” Salmon P. Chase to AL, October 14, 1863, ALPLC. Salmon P. Chase to AL, October 14, 1863, ALPLC.

”Glory to G.o.d” AL to Salmon P. Chase, October 14, 1863, ALPLC. AL to Salmon P. Chase, October 14, 1863, ALPLC.

”Pennsylvania stands by you” James M. Scovel to AL, October 11, 1863, ALPLC. James M. Scovel to AL, October 11, 1863, ALPLC.

”who is in good spirits” Welles, Welles, Diary, Diary, October 15, 1863, 470. October 15, 1863, 470.

”Let me congratulate you” James F. Moorhead to AL, October 15, 1863, ALPLC. James F. Moorhead to AL, October 15, 1863, ALPLC.

”You will receive herewith” Henry W Halleck to Ulysses S. Grant, October 16, 1863, Henry W Halleck to Ulysses S. Grant, October 16, 1863, OR, OR, vol. 30, pt. 4, 404, 479. vol. 30, pt. 4, 404, 479.

”I will hold the town” George H. Lhomas to Ulysses S. Grant, October 19, 1863, George H. Lhomas to Ulysses S. Grant, October 19, 1863, OR, OR, vol. 30, pt. 4, 404, 479. vol. 30, pt. 4, 404, 479.

”You do not estimate” AL to John Williams and Nathaniel G. Laylor, October 17, 1863, AL to John Williams and Nathaniel G. Laylor, October 17, 1863, CW, CW, 6:525. 6:525.

”My suggestion then” J. M. Forbes to AL, September 8, 1863, M. Forbes to AL, September 8, 1863, Letters and Recollections of John Murray Forbes, Letters and Recollections of John Murray Forbes, 2:76. 2:76.

In previous wars American soldiers were buried Drew Gilpin Faust, in Drew Gilpin Faust, in This Republic of Suffering: Death and the American Civil War This Republic of Suffering: Death and the American Civil War (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2008), offers a distinctive angle of vision on the changing understandings of death and dying provoked by the ma.s.sive deaths of the Civil War. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2008), offers a distinctive angle of vision on the changing understandings of death and dying provoked by the ma.s.sive deaths of the Civil War.

plans for a national cemetery Kathleen R. Georg, ”Lhis Grand National Enterprise: The Origins of Gettysburg's Soldiers National Cemetery and Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial a.s.sociation” (Gettysburg National Military Park Library, 1982), 82. Kathleen R. Georg, ”Lhis Grand National Enterprise: The Origins of Gettysburg's Soldiers National Cemetery and Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial a.s.sociation” (Gettysburg National Military Park Library, 1982), 82.

Everett set the date Frothingham, Frothingham, Edward Everett, Edward Everett, 393. 393.

”I am authorized” David Wills to AL, November 2, 1863, ALPLC. Gabor Borritt, in David Wills to AL, November 2, 1863, ALPLC. Gabor Borritt, in The Gettysburg Gospel: The Lincoln Speech That n.o.body Knows The Gettysburg Gospel: The Lincoln Speech That n.o.body Knows (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006), offers a fresh and comprehensive examination of Lincoln's Gettysburg Address in its broad historical context. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006), offers a fresh and comprehensive examination of Lincoln's Gettysburg Address in its broad historical context.

”Four score and seven” AL, Gettysburg Address, November 19, 1863, AL, Gettysburg Address, November 19, 1863, CW, CW, 7:23. 7:23.

”The days of our years” Psalms 90:10 (King James Version). Psalms 90:10 (King James Version).

In the last three sentences Ibid.

Investigations to unearth On Lincoln's awareness of the ideas of Daniel Webster and Lheodore Parker, see Garry Wills's suggestive book, On Lincoln's awareness of the ideas of Daniel Webster and Lheodore Parker, see Garry Wills's suggestive book, Lincoln at Gettysburg: Words That Remade America Lincoln at Gettysburg: Words That Remade America (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992). (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992).

”Half a century hence” Chicago Tribune, Chicago Tribune, November 20, 1863. November 20, 1863.

”Surprisingly fine as Mr. Everett's oration” Springfield Springfield (Ma.s.sachusetts) (Ma.s.sachusetts) Republican, Republican, November 20, 1863. November 20, 1863.

”The cheek of every American” Chicago Times, Chicago Times, November 21, 1863. November 21, 1863.

”We pa.s.s over” Harrisburg Patriot and Union, Harrisburg Patriot and Union, November 20, 1863. November 20, 1863.

”The ceremony was rendered” Times Times (London), December 4, 1863. (London), December 4, 1863.

”Permit me ... ... to express” to express” Edward Everett to AL, November 20, 1863, ALPLC. Edward Everett to AL, November 20, 1863, ALPLC.

Braxton Bragg's effort McPherson, McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, Battle Cry of Freedom, 676-77. 676-77.

”Thomas, who ordered those men” Ibid., 677-80. Ibid., 677-80.

”The storming of the Ridge” Charles A. Dana to Edwin M. Stanton, November 26, 1863, ALPLC. Charles A. Dana to Edwin M. Stanton, November 26, 1863, ALPLC.

”I wish to tender you” AL to Ulysses S. Grant, December 8, 1863, AL to Ulysses S. Grant, December 8, 1863, CW, CW, 7:53. 7:53.

”Jeff Davis ... cursed” Amistad Burwell to AL, August 28, 1863, ALPLC. Amistad Burwell to AL, August 28, 1863, ALPLC.

government loyal to the Union The story of Southern disaffection and a resurgent Unionist spirit is told well by William C. Harris, The story of Southern disaffection and a resurgent Unionist spirit is told well by William C. Harris, With Charity for All: Lincoln and the Restoration of the Union With Charity for All: Lincoln and the Restoration of the Union (Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 1997), 123ff (Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 1997), 123ff ”as a restraint” Donald, Donald, Charles Sumner and the Rights of Man, Charles Sumner and the Rights of Man, 121-22. 121-22.

”menaced by the ambition” William E. Smith, William E. Smith, The Francis Preston Blair Family in Politics The Francis Preston Blair Family in Politics (New York, The Macmillan Company, 1933), 2:237-40. (New York, The Macmillan Company, 1933), 2:237-40.

”The policy of emanc.i.p.ation” AL, ”Annual Message to Congress,” December 8, 1863, AL, ”Annual Message to Congress,” December 8, 1863, CW, CW, 7:49-52. 7:49-52.

how much his thinking had changed AL, ”Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction,” December 8, 1863, AL, ”Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction,” December 8, 1863, CW, CW, 7:53-57. 7:53-57.

”Men acted as if the Millennium” Hay, Hay, Inside, Inside, December 9, 1863, 121-22. Dixon was James Dixon, Republican senator from Connecticut. December 9, 1863, 121-22. Dixon was James Dixon, Republican senator from Connecticut.

”Mr. Lincoln has the inside track” Chicago Tribune, Chicago Tribune, December 30, 1863. December 30, 1863.

”You have touched” Albert Smith to AL, December 12, 1863, ALPLC. Albert Smith to AL, December 12, 1863, ALPLC.

”Oh! that the President” Niven, Niven, Salmon P. Chase: A Biography, Salmon P. Chase: A Biography, gives a full treatment of Chase's bid for the Republican nomination in 1864. gives a full treatment of Chase's bid for the Republican nomination in 1864.

”That visit to the west” Bates, Bates, Diary, Diary, October 20, 1863, 311. October 20, 1863, 311.

”It was in very bad taste” Hay, Hay, Inside, Inside, October 18, 1863, 93. October 18, 1863, 93.

CHAPTER 25. 25. The Will of G.o.d Prevails: March 1864-November 1864 The Will of G.o.d Prevails: March 1864-November 1864 Grant arrived in Was.h.i.+ngton Simpson, Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, Ulysses S. Grant, 258-59. 258-59.

”Why, here is General Grant!” Smith, Smith, Grant, Grant, 289-90. 289-90.

”I am naturally anti-slavery” Guelzo, Guelzo, Lincoln s Emanc.i.p.ation Proclamation, AA-A7, Lincoln s Emanc.i.p.ation Proclamation, AA-A7, 70-73. 70-73.

emphasize the overall pa.s.sivity See Donald, See Donald, Lincoln, Lincoln, 10, 14. 10, 14.

he began to correspond regularly Albert G. Hodges to AL, April 22, 1864, ALPLC; Hodges also wrote to Lincoln on April 25, May 27, July 19, August 11, September 15, September 29, October 24, November 1, November 12, December 1, and December 9, 1864, and March 1 and April 1, 1865, ALPLC. Albert G. Hodges to AL, April 22, 1864, ALPLC; Hodges also wrote to Lincoln on April 25, May 27, July 19, August 11, September 15, September 29, October 24, November 1, November 12, December 1, and December 9, 1864, and March 1 and April 1, 1865, ALPLC.

The will of G.o.d prevails AL, ”Meditation on the Divine Will,” AL, ”Meditation on the Divine Will,” CW, CW, 4:404. Roy P. Basier, editor of 4:404. Roy P. Basier, editor of The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln, The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln, calculated the date of this reflection as September 2, 1862, after the discouraging defeat at the second battle of Bull Run, but placed a question mark after the date. Douglas L. Wilson, in calculated the date of this reflection as September 2, 1862, after the discouraging defeat at the second battle of Bull Run, but placed a question mark after the date. Douglas L. Wilson, in Lincoln's Sword, Lincoln's Sword, offers persuasive evidence that Lincoln's meditation was written sometime in 1864. See 255-56. offers persuasive evidence that Lincoln's meditation was written sometime in 1864. See 255-56.

”a distinct scheme of unbelief” Francis Wharton, Francis Wharton, A Treatise on Theism and Modern Skeptical Theories A Treatise on Theism and Modern Skeptical Theories (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott and Company, 1859), 147, 152. (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott and Company, 1859), 147, 152.

Bates noted their attendance Bates, Bates, Diary, Diary, March3, 1861, 176. March3, 1861, 176.

as did Illinois senator Orville Browning Browning, Browning, Diary, Diary, December 22, 1861,517. December 22, 1861,517.

”where they habitually attended” Lincoln Observed: Civil War Dispatches of Noah Brooks, Lincoln Observed: Civil War Dispatches of Noah Brooks, ed. Michael Burlingame (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998), 13. ed. Michael Burlingame (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998), 13.

”The whole world to him” Leonard Swett to WHH, July 17, 1866, Leonard Swett to WHH, July 17, 1866, HI, HI, 162. 162.