Part 34 (1/2)

What is Tar?

A coarse, resinous liquor issuing from the wood and bark of pine or fir-trees; it is in fact the oily juices of the sap thickened and colored by the heat of the sun or by age; it is extracted for use by burning the wood of the trees under a heavy covering of turf or earth; the tar exudes during the slow coround for the purpose Tar is exported in great quantities from Norway, Sweden, and our Southern States

What are its uses?

It is applied to the sides of shi+ps and boats and their rigging, to preserve them from the effects of the weather; it is used instead of paint for palings, &c; and sometimes also in medicine A kind, called _mineral_ tar, is also drawn from coal by the process of distillation

Mineral tar is also found native in some parts of the earth

What is Pitch?

A kind of juice or gum, likewise drawn from unctuous woods, chiefly those of the pine and fir; it is used for nearly the sa, medicine, and various other arts Pitch is properly a juice of the wild pine, or pitch tree; it is of a glossy black color, dry brittle, and less bitter and pungent than the liquid tar

What is Caetable substance, chiefly procured fro in Borneo, japan, and many East Indian islands; it is also produced froh in very small quantities

How, and from what part of the tree is it taken?

All parts of the tree are inated with camphor; but it is principally extracted from the roots and trunk, by distillation; it is white, and of a crystal forrant In this state it is called _rough_ camphor, and is thus exported The Greeks and Romans do not appear to have been acquainted with this valuable drug; and we are indebted to the Arabians for a knowledge of it

What are the properties and uses of Camphor?

It is a firm, dry, crystal hly odorous, and so inflammable as to burn and preserve its flame in water; it totally vanishes or evaporates in the open air, and in Spirits of Wine it entirely dissolves Camphor has various uses--as in fire-works, &c; it is an excellent preservative of anietable bodies, as it resists worms and other insects In the courts of Eastern princes it is burnt at night ax Its principal use with us is in medicine

_Preservative_, a preventive of decay

What is Musk?

A dry, friable substance of a dark color, taken fro under the belly of a small animal called the Thibet Musk, which is a native of the Indies, Tonquin, and China It inhabits the woods and forests, where the natives hunt it down Musk is so strong a perfureeable only in the sled with some other scent; it is used in perfumery, &c

Is there not another Animal which produces a siin produces an odoriferous substance called Civet, from which it takes its name of Civet Cat; there are several species of this animal which produce it, but it is from the Civet Cat that it is most commonly taken Civets are found in all the warascar, and the East Indian Islands It was forh esteem, but is at present very little used, except to increase the power of other perfu froypt, and Abyssinia; it flows either naturally, or by incision; and is sent to us in small lu, but not disagreeable Ourthat was used by the ancients under the above nayptians e of dead bodies

_E or putrefying, by i them with aromatics and other substances which resist putrefaction

Where is Abyssinia?