Part 39 (2/2)

What other nations excelled in the art of Building?

The Greeks and Roreatly excelled in this art Grecian architecture was in its highest glory under Pericles Areatest perfection under the Eustus The five orders of ornamental architecture invented by the ancients, at different times, and on different occasions, are of Grecian and Italian origin They are the Tuscan, the Doric, the Ionic, the Corinthian, and the Co its peculiar fors of the Christian world

_Christian_, professing the religion of Christ; the term is applied to those who believe our Lord Jesus Christ to be the only true God and Saviour of the world

Who was Pericles?

A celebrated Athenian statesained several victories over the Lacedemonians and other enemies of his country

Are all the species of orna confined to those nations already mentioned?

By no means; besides the Grecian and Roman orders, other civilized nations possess their separate styles; as the Hindoos, Chinese, Moors, &c; and nothing can be rand, harmonious, and picturesque, than each of these in the beautiful specimens which are to be seen in their several countries The Saxons, also, had a siuished by semi-circular arches, and massive plain columns; the Normans, too, invented a beautiful kind called the Gothic, distinguished by its lightness and the number of its ornaments, and by its pointed arches and pillars carved to iether; the Gothic style is found in many old cathedrals

_Hindoos_, inhabitants of Hindostan, in India

_Moors_, inhabitants of Morocco, a kingdo in all its parts with equal beauty and elegance

_Picturesque_, like a picture

_Saxons_, inhabitants of Saxony, a portion of Germany

_Semi-circular_, only half circular

Describe the Five Orders of Architecture

The Tuscan (from Tuscany,) is the most simple and devoid of ornament, and its columns or pillars are plain and massive The Doric (from the Dorians, in Greece,) is durable and noble in appearance, having its columns plain like the Tuscan, but the upper parts more ornamental

The Ionic, (from Iona, in Greece,) is neither so plain as the Doric, nor so richly elegant as the Corinthian; but is distinguished fro its columns or pillars fluted instead of plain, and the upper part of theures of rams' horns carved on them The Corinthian is very rich and delicate, with fluted pillars, and the tops beautifully ornamented with leaves, &c The invention of this order is ascribed to Callimachus, a Corinthian sculptor The Composite is compounded of the other four; it is very much like the Corinthian, and is also called the Roman or Italian order

_Devoid_, free from, destitute

What is Sculpture?

The art of cutting or carving wood, stone, and other ures or representations of men, beasts and other objects The teres or statues in stone This art is of great antiquity; the sacred writings infores, as for instance in those in which are olden calf of the Israelites, &c Sculpture as an art is probably