Part 77 (1/2)

Milton, _L'Allegro_ (1638).

_Phillis_, ”the Exigent,” asked ”Damon thirty sheep for a kiss;” next day, she promised him thirty[TN-89] kisses for a sheep;” the third day, she would have given ”thirty sheep for a kiss;” and the fourth day, Damon bestowed his kisses for nothing on Lizette.--C. Riviere Dufresny, _La Coquette de Village_ (1715).

=Philo=, a Pharisee, one of the Jewish sanhedrim, who hated Caiaphas, the high priest, for being a Sadducee. Philo made a vow in the judgment hall, that he would take no rest till Jesus was numbered with the dead.

In bk. xiii. he commits suicide, and his soul is carried to h.e.l.l by Obaddon, the angel of death.--Klopstock, _The Messiah_, iv. (1771).

=Philoc'lea=, one of the heroines in Sir Philip Sidney's ”Arcadia.” It has been sought to identify her with Lady Penelope Devereux, with whom Sidney was thought to be in love.

=Philocte'tes= (4 _syl._) one of the Argonauts, who was wounded in the foot while on his way to Troy. An oracle declared to the Greeks that Troy could not be taken ”without the arrows of Hercules,” and as Hercules at death had given them to Philoctetes, the Greek chiefs sent for him, and he repaired to Troy in the tenth and last year of the siege.

All dogs have their day, even rabid ones. Sorrowful, incurable _Philoctetes_ Marat, without whom Troy cannot be taken.--Carlyle.

=Philomel=, daughter of Pandion, king of Attica. She was converted into a nightingale.

=Philosopher= (_The_), Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, the Roman emperor, was so called by Justin Martyr (121, 161-180).

Leo VI., emperor of the East (866, 886-911).

Porphyry, the Neoplatonist (223-304).

Alfred or Alured, surnamed ”Anglicus,” was also called ”The Philosopher”

(died 1270).

=Philosopher of China=, Confucius (B.C. 551-479).

=Philosopher of Ferney=, Voltaire, who lived at Ferney, near Geneva, for the last twenty years of his life (1694-1778).

=Philosopher of Malmesbury=, Thomas Hobbs, author of _Leviathan_. He was born at Malmesbury (1588-1679).

=Philosopher of Persia= (_The_), Abou Ebn Sina, of s.h.i.+raz (died 1037).

=Philosopher of Sans Souci=, Frederick the Great of Prussia (1712, 1740-1786).

? Frederick, elector of Saxony, was called ”The Wise” (1463, 1544-1554).

=Philosopher of Wimbledon= (_The_), John Horne Tooke, author of the _Diversions of Purley_. He lived at Wimbledon, near London (1736-1812).

(For the philosophers of the different Greek sects, as the Cynic, Cyrenaic, Eleac, Eleatic, Epicurean, Harac.l.i.tian, Ionic, Italic, Megaric, Peripatetic, Sceptic, Socratic, Stoic, etc., see _Dictionary of Phrase and Fable_, 680-1.)

=Philosophers= (_The five English_): (1) Roger Bacon, author of _Opus Majus_ (1214-1292;[TN-90] (2) Sir Francis Bacon, author of _Novum Organum_ (1561-1626); (3) the Hon. Robert Boyle (1627-1691;[TN-91] (4) John Locke, author of a treatise on the _Human Understanding and Innate Ideas_ (1632-1704); (5) Sir Isaac Newton, author of _Princip'ia_ (1641-1727).